Redução de hérnia escrotal com protusão de omento em um cão / Reducing escrotal hernia with oment protusion in dog

Hérnia é uma protrusão de vísceras através de um orifício adquirido, tendo como constituintes o anel, conteúdo e saco herniário. As hérnias escrotais ocorrem quando, por algum defeito no anel inguinal, alguma víscera se desloca por ele, chegando até a bolsa escrotal. Sua etiologia não é completamenteelucidada, sendo a elevação da pressão intra-abdominal um dos prováveis desencadeadores. Em caninos, essa é uma condição rara e os poucos relatos citam em animais jovens. Objetivou-se descrever a ocorrência de uma hérnia escrotal unilateral esquerda com protrusão de omento maior em um cão da raça Dachshund com 14 anos de idade e com 12,1 kg de peso corporal. Para a redução do conteúdo à cavidade abdominal, foi necessária a realização de incisão na região inguinal cranial, abertura do saco herniário e a orquiectomia. Destaca-se a importância do tratamento cirúrgico da hérnia escrotal, bem como a inclusão dessa afecção no diagnóstico diferencial para afecções testiculares de cães adultos ou idosos.

Hernia is a protrusion of viscera through an acquired orifice, having as constituents the ring, contents and hernial sac. Scrotal hernias occur when, due to a defect in the inguinal ring, some viscera travel through it, reaching the scrotum. Its etiology is not completely elucidated, and the increase in intra-abdominal pressure is one of the probable triggers. In canines, this is a rare condition and the few reports mention it in young animals. The objective was to describe the occurrence of a left unilateral scrotal hernia with protrusion of the greater omentum in a 14-year-old Dachshund dog weighing 12.1 kg of body weight. To reduce the content of the abdominal cavity, it was necessary to make an incision in the cranial inguinal region, open the hernial sac and orchiectomy. The importance of surgical treatment of scrotal hernia is highlighted, as well as the inclusion of this condition in the differential diagnosis for testicular disorders of adult or elderly dogs.

Hernia de spiegel no complicada. Abordaje laparoscopico / Spigelian hernia. Laparoscopic approach

Introducción: la hernia de Spiegel (HS) es una protrusión del saco peritoneal, órgano o grasa preperitoneal a través de la aponeurosis spigeliana, sea congénita o adquirida. Su incidencia varía entre 0.12-2% de las hernias de la pared abdominal, se presenta generalmente entre los 50 y 60 años. El tratamiento es quirúrgico, y se puede realizar mediante un abordaje convencional o laparoscópico. Con las técnicas laparoscópicas se observa un bajo índice de recidivas. Caso clínico:Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 37 años con la presencia de una pequeña tumoración con aumento de volumen progresivo en la zona lateral de la pared abdominal de 2 meses de evolución. A la exploración física anillo papable en la región pararrectal derecha, con una tumoración que se hace evidente con no maniobras de Valsava. Se practicó una tomografía computada en la cual se observó una hernia de Spiegel. La reparación de dicha hernia se realizó con malla, exitosamente por vía laparoscópica. Fue dada de alta al día siguiente. Discusión: la hernia de Spiegel es una entidad rara. Su presentación clínica es variada y, por lo tanto, hay que tener alta sospecha diagnóstica al revisar al paciente. Debido a lo poco frecuente de estas hernias y a la dificultad en el diagnóstico, consideramos que la cirugía laparoscópica tiene un rol importante en el diagnóstico y tratamiento.

Spiegel hernia (SH) is a protrusion of the peritoneal sac, organ or preperitoneal fat through the Spigelianaponeurosis, either congenital or acquired. Its incidence is between 0.12-2% of abdominal wall hernias, usually present between 50 and 60 years old. The treatment is surgical and can be performed using a conventional or laparoscopic approach. A low relapse rate is observed with laparoscopics techniques Case report: The case of a 37 years old woman with the presence of a small tumor with progressive increase in the right lateral area of the abdominal wall and it has 2 months of evolution. When performing a physical examenin the palpablke ring in the right parar rectal region, a tumor is shown without the need of performingthe Valsalva manouvers. A computed tomography(CT) was performed in which a Spiegel hernia was observed. The repair of this hernia was done with a mesh, successfully by laparoscopic approach. She was discharged the next day. Discussion: The Spiegel hernia is an un comnmon entity. Its clinical presentation is varied and, therefore, it is necessary to have a high diagnostic suspicion when reviewing the patient. Due to the lack of infrequency of these hernias and the difficulty of diagnosis, we consider that laparoscopic surgery plays an important role in diagnosis and treatment.

Hernia del músculo tibial anterior: a propósito de un caso / Tibial anterior muscle hernia: one case report

Objetivo: Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura. Caso clínico: Varón de 59 años que acude a la consulta de cirugía general por tumoración en miembro inferior derecho. La exploración física revela una tumoración no dolorosa de 3 cm sugestiva de lipoma. Se realiza ecografía que informa de la existencia de una hernia del músculo tibial anterior. Dado que el paciente se encuentra asintomático, se decide tratamiento rehabilitador. Conclusiones: Las hernias musculares, habitualmente localizadas en los miembros inferiores, suponen una entidad a tener en cuenta en el diagnóstico diferencial de tumores de partes blandas. Su diagnóstico es clínico con confirmación ecográfica y su tratamiento habitualmente es conservador, aunque en casos sintomáticos puede requerir cirugía.

Objective: Presentation of a case report and review of literature. Case report: A 59-years old male came to the Outpatient Clinic complaining of a painless lump in right lower limb. Physical examination revealed a 3 cm diameter tender lump, suggestive of lipoma. Ultrasonography revealed a hernia in the tibial anterior muscle. Given that the patient was asymptomatic, rehabilitation treatment was decided. Conclusions: Muscular hernias, usually located in lower limbs, must be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue lumps. Diagnosis is usually confirmed with ultrasonography and conservative treatment is indicated, though symptomatic cases might require surgery.

Hernia de spiegel. Nuestra experiencia / Spigelian hernia. Our experience

Introducción: La Hernia de Spiegel es una afección parietal rara de la pared abdominal, unilocular, que se localiza en el borde externo de la línea semilunar. La mayoría de las veces se encuentra ubicada bajo el músculo oblicuo mayor y corresponde a una hernia intersticial; por lo que puede pasar desapercibida. Objetivo: Describir nuestra experiencia en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la hernia de Spiegel. Pacientes y método: estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de pacientes con diagnóstico de Hernia de Spiegel, tratados en la II Cátedra Clínica Quirúrgica, en el período de tiempo comprendido desde marzo 1998 a diciembre 2015. Resultados :n 14, fueron del sexo femenino 8 pacientes y 6 del masculino, el promedio de edad 57,4(±50-85). El motivo de consulta: dolor abdominal de tipo difuso, acompañado de una tumoración ventro lateral, reductible. En 10 casos la tumoración se localizó en el lado derecho y en 4 en el lado izquierdo.La sospecha clínica fue confirmada por la ecografía en 8 casos y la tomografía axial computarizada en los 6 restantes, la forma de presentación de 2 casos fue como oclusión intestinal y operados de urgencia y las demás electivas - ambulatorias. En todos los casos se realizó reparación de la pared sin tensión con malla de polipropileno, en 3 pacientes se colocó plug y en 11 pacientes se realizó refuerzo de la fascia del oblicuo mayor sublay, con el mismo material. No tuvimos complicaciones ni recidivas a los 24 meses. Conclusión: El diagnóstico de la hernia de Spiegel no resulta sencillo, debe acompañarse en todos los casos de un estudio de imagen. La técnica quirúrgica sin tensión, colocación de malla sublay, es una opción por sus resultados satisfactorios.

Introducción: Spigelian Hernia is a rare abdominal wall disease, often localizated in semilunar line. Most of the time it appeas under external oblique muscle, because of that, sometimes the diagnosis can be difficult. Objective: To describe the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of Spigelian Hernia. Patient and methods: An observational, retrospective study of patients with Spigelian Hernia, at the Second Service of Surgery, between March of 1998 to December of 2015. Results: 14 patients were diagnosed of Spigelian Hernia, 8 women and 6 men, with an average age of 57 years (±50-85). The main reason from consultation was abdominal pain with a lateral abdominal tumor. Clinical suspicious was confirm by ultrasonography in 8 cases and CT scan revealed the other 6. Surgical treatment in all cases was performed without tension using a polipropilene mesh; in 3 of them they use a plug and in the other 11 a sublay mesh to reinforce the external oblique fascia. They don´t have any complications. Conclusion: The diagnosis of Spigelian Hernia is not simple, is important to attach a image study. A tension free surgical technique, a sublaymesh, are options to have success.

Tratamiento de síndrome de espalda fallida con nucleolisis percutánea más bloqueo peridural y foraminal con ozonoterapia / Treatment of failed back syndrome with percutaneous nucleolisis and Epidural, foraminal Block with oxygen-ozone

Se realiza estudio prospectivo para demostrar que la nucleolisis percutánea, más el bloqueo peridural y foraminal con ozonoterapia es efectiva y muy segura para disminuir el dolor producido por síndrome de espalda fallida. Material y método: previo consentimiento informado, a 45 pacientes con síndrome de espalda fallida, se les realizó un total de 45 nucleolisis percutáneas, más bloqueo peridural y foraminal con ozonoterapia, durante un periodo comprendido entre mayo 2012 a mayo del 2013. Todas las nucleolisis se realizaron bajo control fluoroscopio con medidas de asepsia y antisepsia estrictas, y sedación consciente. A todos los pacientes, se les administró ozono en disco, peridural y foraminal (5-10 ml) a 10ug/ml, más procaina al 2% y 1cc de 40mg de cristales esteroideos; en todos los casos se administró 1gr. de cefacidal como profilaxis. Discusión: La eficacia del tratamiento, se basa en el control del dolor según la escala visual analógica basal (EVA 0), a los 30 días (EVA 1), a los seis meses (EVA 3) y a los 12 meses (EVA 6). Se aplicó el test de oswestry, antes del tratamiento y al final del estudio; a todos los pacientes se les realizo encuesta en la primera consulta, y luego al final del tratamiento con una respuesta satisfactoria(AU)

This prospective study is to demonstrate that percutaneous nucleolisys and epidural, foraminal block with oxygen-ozone is effective and very safe to decrease the pain from failed back syndrome. Materials and Methods: previous reported 45 patients with failed back syndrome consent to a total of 45 percutaneous nucleolisys more and foraminal Epidural blockade with ozone therapy was conducted over a period from May 2012 to May 2013 all nucleolisys were performed under fluoroscopic control measures strict asepsis and antisepsis, conscious sedation. All patients were administered ozone in disk, epidural and foraminal (5-10 ml) at 10 ug / ml over 2% procaine more steroidal 1cc 40mg of crystals, in all cases of cefaolin sodium 1grs administered prophylactically. Discution: The effectiveness of treatment is based on pain control by baseline visual analog scale (EVA 0), 30 days (EVA 1), six (EVA 3) and 12 months (EVA 6). By oswestry test evaluated before treatment and at study end; all patients were conducted survey in the first query and then at the end of treatment with satisfactory response

Hernia del espacio de Petersen: complicación tardía del bypass gástrico laparoscópico / Petersen’s space hernia: late complication of laparoscopic gastric bypass

Introduction: Petersen's Space Hernia is a protrusion of intestinal loops through a defect between the alimentary loop and the transverse mesocolon that occur as a late complication of Gastric Bypass. Objective: To present our experience in the management of this entity, making emphasis on the difficulty of clinical diagnosis, the typical CT Scan findings and to suggest prevention and management strategies. Method: Case series study of patients with Petersen's Space Hernia after Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass. Clinical presentation, CT Scan findings and surgical results were analyzed. Results: 8 patients. Mean age 43 years. All presented al least 12 months after primary surgery, with unspecific abdominal pain. CT Scan most frequent findings were: Swirled mesentery, engorgement of mesentery vessels and the mushroom sign. Surgery was performed laparoscopically in the 8 patients. No bowel ischemia was found. In all cases, once reduced the protruded loops, complete closure of the defect with a running non absorbable suture was done. Conclusion: In patients with Gastric Bypass, presenting with abdominal pain, a high degree of suspicion must be kept about this entity. Clinical findings are unspecific and radiological study is crucial. When diagnosed on time bowel necrosis is avoided and the main surgical goal is to achieve a complete closure of the defect with non absorbable suture.

Introducción: La Hernia del Espacio de Petersen es una complicación tardía del bypass gástrico, que ocurre por la protrusión de asas intestinales a través del defecto que se genera entre el asa alimentaria y el mesocolon transverso. Objetivo: Presentar nuestra experiencia en el manejo de esta patología, haciendo énfasis en la dificultad del diagnóstico clínico, los hallazgos más típicos de la Tomografía Computada (TC) y sugerir estrategias de prevención y manejo. Método: Estudio de una serie de casos con diagnóstico de Hernia del Espacio de Petersen posterior a bypass gástrico. Se analizó la presentación clínica, los hallazgos imagenológicos e intraoperatorios y los resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico. Resultados: 8 pacientes. Todos se presentaron luego de 12 meses de la cirugía primaria y la manifestación fue dolor abdominal de carácter inespecífico. Los hallazgos más frecuentes de la TC fueron el "arremolinamiento" mesentérico, ingurgitación de los vasos mesentéricos y el "signo del hongo". La cirugía se realizó por vía laparoscópica en los 8 pacientes. No se evidenció isquemia intestinal. En todos los casos, una vez reducido el contenido herniado, se cerró el espacio con sutura continua de material no reabsorbible. No hubo complicaciones ni mortalidad. Conclusión: En los pacientes sometidos a bypass gástrico hay que mantener un alto grado de sospecha acerca de esta entidad. La clínica es inespecífica y el estudio imagenológico es fundamental. Pesquisado a tiempo se puede evitar la necrosis intestinal y el pilar fundamental del tratamiento es lograr un adecuado cierre del defecto con material no reabsorbible.

Imaging in the Diagnosis of Symptomatic Forearm Muscle Herniation.

Symptomatic muscle herniations are an unusual cause of upper extremity pain that is rarely reported in the literature. Out of 18 reported cases of upper extremity herniations, only 3 were caused by strenuous exertion6. Dynamic ultrasound and Dynamic MRI test are the very good tool for diagnosis of muscle herniation, FNAC and biopsy are rarely needed. This article describes a successful repair of a 22yr old manual worker’s ventral forearm herniation with polypropylene mesh. Prevalence Muscle herniation in an extremity is a well-known cause of pain, even though there have been extremely few documented cases. In a 2009 report published by the “Journal of Hand and Microsurgery,” only 200 cases of herniated muscles of the extremities had been reported since the mid-1800s, and only 17 cases of muscle herniation in the upper limb have been described10. Characteristics A herniated muscle in the forearm can cause mild to severe localized pain, affect grip, cause nerve pain or have no physical symptoms at all. Causes of documented cases include sporting or occupational activities, or an unrelated primary medical condition. Patients usually have a swollen mass that increases in size when the affected muscle is engaged and decreases when the muscles are relaxed. One differential diagnosis for a herniated forearm muscle is a tumor. Muscle herniation in the forearm typically affects males in their adolescent or young-adult years1. We report a case of a disappearing forearm nodule that appeared with muscle contraction. This is characteristic of a transfascial muscle hernia. Ultrasound and MRI are the key to identifying an area of fascial alteration. Treatment alternatives of this unusual condition are discussed.

An interesting ileus case: Morgagni hernia

Morgagni hernia is a congenital defect that occurs in adult patients without the presence of a traumatic event. In this case a 76 years old male patient is described who admitted to emergency room with abdominal pain and obstipation. The diaghragma defect was repaired and the herniated sac was reducted in the emergent laparotomy applied

Hérnia discal lombar com migração posterior - dilema em diagnóstico por imagem devido a contraindicação ao uso de contraste: relato de um caso / Posterior migration of lumbar disc herniation - imaging dilemma due to contrast contraindication: a case report

Disc herniation with posterior epidural migration is a rare and often symptomatic entity. Multiple are the natural barriers that prevent this pattern of migration. Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is the diagnostic modality of choice in these cases. The diagnostic dilemma in this case was the contraindication to the use of contrast since the patient was known to have chronic renal failure.

Hérnia discal com migração epidural posterior é uma entidade rara e frequentemente sintomática. Múltiplas são as barreiras naturais que impedem esse padrão de migração. A ressonância magnética contrastada é a modalidade diagnóstica de escolha nesses casos. O dilema diagnóstico, neste caso, foi a contraindicação ao uso de contraste, uma vez que o paciente era portador de insuficiência renal crônica.

Diagnostic computerized tomography sign in Petersen's space hernia after laparoscopic roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Petersen's space hernia [PSH] is a well-known complication of laparoscopic roux-en-Y gastric bypass [LRYGB] in up to 7% of cases. This led the surgeons to close this defect during surgery. We report the case of a young lady, 25 years old with a body mass index [BMI] of 55 kg/m[2] who had LRYGB in October 2004 with antecolic roux limb, without closing the Petersen's space [PS]. Two years later she presented with vague abdominal complaints, which drew our attention to the occurrence of this type of internal bowel herniation through the PS. routine laboratory investigation and upper endoscopy failed to reveal the problem. However, computerized tomography [CT] scan of the abdomen showed one of the major signs of internal herniation, namely, rotation by 180 degrees of the superior mesenteric vein [SMV] counterclockwise upon the superior mesenteric artery [SMA]. This hernia was reduced surgically through small laparotomy wound after a failed trial to do it laparoscopically. The PS defect was repaired and closed

rare cause of small bowel obstruction in adults: left paraduodenal internal hernia

A 47 years old lady presented with repeated intermittent, colicky, left upper, and periumblical abdominal pain associated with nausea and vomiting since two years prior to admission. Each episode of the pain spontaneously subsided after bilious vomiting. The patient had no history of surgery, abdominal trauma or intra-abdominal infection, weight loss or previous history for small bowel obstruction [SBO]. MRI enterography was suggestive of internal hernia and surgery documented left paraduodenal [mesocolic] internal hernia [LPDIH]. After surgery the patient was followed for three months without any abdominal symptoms

Herniación medular transdural idiopática: informe de dos casos y revisión de la literatura / Idiopathic transdural spinal cord herniation: report of two cases and literature review

Introducción: La herniación medular transdural idiopática es una entidad rara cuyas formas son la postraumática y posquirúrgica; es omitida en la valoración preoperatoria y con frecuencia afecta al segmento torácico. Clínicamente puede causar mielopatía progresiva o síndrome de Brown-Séquard, cuyo diagnóstico se establece por resonancia magnética. La finalidad de informar esta entidad es su dificultad diagnóstica y, por lo tanto, para establecer un manejo óptimo. Casos clínicos: Dos pacientes mal diagnosticados al inicio e intervenidos en otros segmentos del raquis. Finalmente fueron valorados por sospecha clínica de herniación medular transdural idiopática y por exclusión de otras patologías. Se les realizó laminectomía en los niveles afectados, reducción de la hernia medular y colocación de parche sintético en duramadre. Conclusiones: La herniación medular transdural idiopática se ha atribuido a debilidad congénita de la duramadre o duplicación dural ventral con herniación a través de la capa interna debido a la presión continua del líquido cefalorraquídeo que empuja la médula fuera del espacio subdural. Se estima que el diagnóstico preoperatorio se realiza en una tercera parte de los casos, confirmándose con resonancia magnética. El tratamiento quirúrgico se efectúa en pacientes con progresión de los síntomas; los pacientes cuyos síntomas son leves o ausentes se mantienen bajo monitoreo. El tratamiento oportuno puede permitir la recuperación del déficit neurológico, mejorando la afección motora en 80% y la afección sensitiva en 35%.

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic transdural spinal cord herniation (ISCH) is a rare entity with postsurgical and post-trauma forms. ISCH is often omited in the preoperative evaluation. It often affects the thoracic segment and presents clinically as a rare cause of progressive myelopathy or Brown-Séquard syndrome, whose diagnosis is established by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report on this rare entity due to its difficult diagnosis, making optimal management difficult. CLINICAL CASE: We present the cases of two patients with ISCH who were misdiagnosed and operated on in other spinal segments without reaching an accurate diagnosis. In our institution, patients with clinical suspicion were evaluated by imaging studies in order to rule out other pathologies. Laminectomy was performed on the involved levels, reducing herniation and with the placement of a synthetic spinal patch to the duramater. CONCLUSIONS: ISCH has been attributed to congenital weakness of the duramater or the dural ventral duplication with herniation through the inner layer due to continuous pressure from cerebrospinal fluid that pushes the marrow out of the subdural space. It is estimated that presurgical diagnosis is done only in one third of the cases, confirmed by MRI. Surgery is performed on patients with symptom progression. Surveillance in those patients with mild symptoms is recommended. Treatment may allow recovery of the neurological deficit, improving motor affection in 80% of patients and sensory affection in 35%.

Hérnia lombar adquirida secundária do tipo Grynfeltt: relato de caso / Acquired secondary Grynfeltt's hernia: a case report

A hérnia lombar é um diagnóstico infrequente e difícil. É mais prevalente em pessoas do sexo masculino e de idade avançada. Relatamos o caso de um paciente de 79 anos de idade, do sexo masculino, que realizou drenagem de derrame pleural há 17 anos e que apresentou quadro clínico e tomográfico de hérnia lombar adquirida secundária do tipo Grynfeltt.

Lumbar hernia is a rare condition whose diagnosis is hardly achieved. The prevalence is higher in elderly men. The present case report describes the case of a male, 78-year-old patient who underwent pleural effusion drainage 17 years before presenting with clinical manifestations and tomographic findings compatible with acquired secondary Grynfeltt's hernia.

[Hernia following blunt abdominal trauma]

Traumatic abdominal wall hernia is a rare type of hernia, which follows blunt trauma to the abdomen, where disruption of the musculature and fascia occurs with the overlying skin remaining intact. Diagnosis of this problem is very difficult and delayed. Traumatic hernia is often diagnosed during laparatomy or laparascopy, but CT scan also has a role in distinguishing this pathology. Delay in diagnosis is very dangerous and can result in gangrene and necrosis of the organs in the hernia. The case report of a 35 years old man with liftruck blunt trauma is reported. His vital signs were stable. On physical examination, tenderness of RUQ was seen. He underwent Dpl for suspected hemoprotein. Dpl was followed up by laparatomy. Laparatomy revealed that the transverse and ascending colon partially herniated in the abdominal wall defect. The colon was reduced in the abdomen and repair of abdominal hernia was done. The patient was discharged after 5 day. The etiology, pathologenesis and management are discussed

Fibras elásticas na parede abdominal anterior: expressão imuno-histoquímica e morfometria / Elastic fibers inanteriorabdominl wall: immunohistochemistry expression and morphometry

Objetivo: avaliar as fibras elásticas na linha Alba de pacientes portadores de hérnias da parede anterior (epigástricas, umbilicais e incisionais), comparando os achados com os de um grupo controle de cadáveres sem hérnias. Métodos: foram avaliados 30 pacientes portadores de hérnias da parede anterior do abdome. Destes pacientes foram obtidas amostras da linha Alba para a avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa da elastina. Resultados: as avaliações iniciais (trabalho em andamento) mostram uma menor quantidade de fibras elásticas nos pacientes com hérnias quando comparados com o grupo controle de cadáveres sem hérnias. Conclusões: existe uma tendência de que os indivíduos portadores de hérnias da parede abdominal anterior apresentem menores quantidades de elastina que os indivíduos sem hérnias.

Background and aims: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the elastic fibers in the linea alba in patients with ventral hernias (epigastric, umbilical and incisional) comparing the data with those obtaine dinacadaver control group without hernias. Methods: thirty patients harvesting ventral hernias were evaluated. In this patients samples were obtained of the linea alba for the quantitative and qualittive evaluation of the elastin. Results: the initial results (the study is still ongoing) shows that there is a decreased amount of alastic fibers in the patients with hernias when compared with the control group without hernias. Conclusions: there are a tendency for individuals with ventral hernias to show adecreased amounto felastin compared with individuals without hernias.

Idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis combined with left paraduodenal hernia in an adult

We report a case of primary hypertrophic pyloric stenosis combined with a paraduodenal hernia in a 35-year-old woman. The patient presented with signs of obstructive ileus. CT of the abdomen revealed a marked dilatation of the stomach and the proximal jejunum as well as a circumferential thickening of the antral-pyloric region with characteristics indicating hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Exploratory laparotomy revealed the presence of a paraduodenal hernia containing jejunal loops and marked thickening of the pyloric region. The jejunum was reduced to its normal place and the ostium of the paraduodenal hernia closed with a running suture. The hypertrophic pyloric stenosis was treated with pyloromyotomy. Since the patient had no predisposing factors for the development of secondary pyloric stenosis, we considered the pyloric stenosis as congenital in origin. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of congenital pyloric stenosis combined with the presence of a paraduodenal hernia in an adult

Incidencias de hernias abdominales anteriores en pacientes asistidos en el Hospital Militar Cap.(Av) Dr. Guillermo Hernández Jacobsen: mayo 2005-octubre 2006 / Incidence abdominal hernias in patients assisted at the Hospital Militar Cap.(Av) Dr. Guillermo Hernandez Jacobsen: may 2005-october 2006

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo con 207 pacientes de todas las edades operados en el Servicio de Cirugía General y Pediátrica en el Hospital Militar de San Cristóbal, a quienes se les practico Herniplastia en la pared abdominal anterior. Durante el periodo de dieciocho meses comprendidos desde mayo 2005 a octubre 2006. Más de la tercera parte de los pacientes tenían entre 16 y 30 años de edad, con predominio del sexo masculino, en una relación 2:1 a excepción de la Crural. El mayor número de cirugía de urgencia se realizó en personas mayores de 76 años. La hernia Umbilical fue el diagnóstico operatorio más frecuente (52.17 por ciento). La Hernia inguinal fue la segunda en frecuencia y constituyo la asociada con mayor relevancia. La Epigástrica predominó ante la Crural. La mortalidad por complicación fue nula. Cerca del 4 por ciento de los pacientes fue intervenido de emergencia. Por lo que concluimos que nuestros resultados en los diferentes tipos de hernias estudiados no escapan de los observados en las estadísticas nacionales e internacionales.

Herniation of the cerebellar tonsils after suprasellar arachnoid cyst shunt: case report

Sabe-se que o deslocamento caudal das tonsilas cerebelares pode ocorrer em associação com condições clínicas tais como: lesão expansiva intracraniana ou malformação de Chiari I e II. Pode ainda ser adquirido após repetidas punções lombares ou lomboperitoniostomia. A ocorrência de herniação cerebelar após derivação de cisto aracnóide intracraniano é evento extremamente raro, existindo apenas três casos relatados na literatura médica. O caso de menino de 9 anos de idade, com puberdade precoce e cisto aracnóide supra-selar, que desenvolveu herniação sintomática das tonsilas cerebelares três anos após cistoperitoniostomia. O paciente foi submetido a craniectomia suboccipital com plástica dural e tonsilectomia parcial, apresentando remissão dos sintomas. Discutimos a patogênese sugerida na literatura.